Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes the immune system to attack the lining of the joint capsule (synovium), resulting in inflammation and joint damage. RA usually affects smaller joints in the hands and feet but can also affect larger joints such as the hips and knees.
RA is a chronic and progressive illness. There is currently no cure for RA, however there are many helpful treatments available. Continue reading
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative or ‘wear and tear’ type of arthritis that affects the cartilage in joints. Cartilage is a type of tissue that covers the ends of the bones in normal joints. Cartilage provides cushioning and helps the joints to move smoothly. In OA, the cartilage breaks down and becomes thin, leaving the ends of the bones unprotected and the joints unable to move smoothly. Continue reading
Most knee arthritis is caused by osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease which involves progressive wearing away of cartilage in a joint. This results in pain and impaired movement of the knee joint. Continue reading
Gout is a condition where small crystals of uric acid form in and around a joint, causing inflammation, pain and swelling. Uric acid is one of the body’s normal waste products which is usually excreted through the urine. In people with gout, uric acid levels build up and crystals form. The crystal deposits can eventually cause joint destruction and nodules called tophi. Continue reading
Big toe joint arthritis (otherwise known as Hallux Rigidus) is a form of degenerative arthritis. In this condition, surfaces of the joints in the big toe begin to wear away and extra bone develops (bone spurs or osteophytes) that limit movement of the joint.
The big toe joint is very important because it needs to bend significantly when stepping. Consequently, arthritis in this joint can greatly impact participation in daily activities.
Hallux Rigidus is a progressive condition that only gets worse with time. Early diagnosis and treatment gives the best chance of avoiding surgery.
Diagnosis is usually confirmed by physical examination and x-ray. Continue reading
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